Лекарственные растения для животных

2022-01-08 03:12:19  👁 619

Валериана лекарственная

Многолетнее травянистое растение из семейства валериановых. Корневище короткое, вертикальное, толстое, внутри полое, с многочисленными корнями. Стебель прямой, простой или ветвистый в верхней части, полый внутри, высотой до 2 метров. Листья перисторасчлененные, нижние — черешковые, верхние — сидячие.

Цветки собраны в щитковидную метелку, мелкие, душистые, бело-розовые. Цветет валериана с середины мая до августа. Растет на болотах, заболоченных лугах, в сырых лесах, по долинам рек, в кустарниках, по берегам ручьев.

Используют корневища с корнями, которые выкапывают осенью, когда стебли завянут и побуреют (вторая половина августа, сентябрь). В корневищах и корнях найдены эфирное масло, алкалоиды, дубильные, смолистые, белковые вещества, сахара, органические и другие кислоты, крахмал.

Действующие вещества, содержащиеся в валериане, окачивают регулирующее влияние на нервную систему, нервно-мышечный аппарат сердца, расширяют сосуды сердца, обладают спазмолитическим действием.

Корни и корневища валерианы используют как успокаивающее средство при нервном возбуждении, при неврозах, заболеваниях сердечно-сосудистой системы, щитовидной железы. Препараты валерианы показаны также при эпилепсии, при спастических запорах: они расслабляют спазмы гладких мышц.

Применяют настой валерианы: 5 г толченого корня залипают 250 мл кипятка, томят на водяной бане не меньше 2 часов, остужают при комнатной температуре, процеживают.

Дают животным 2 раза в день, утром и вечером, вечером — лучше в теплом виде и с медом.

Дозы: собакам — 5—100 мл,
кошкам — 5—8,5 мл,
птицам — 2—10 капель.

Дозы измельченных в порошок корней:
собакам — 1—5 г,
кошкам, кроликам и морским свинкам — 0,2—1 г,
птицам — 10 мг — 0,2 г.

Всем животным, кроме кошек, корни дают с небольшим количеством мягкого корма.

При болях в животе, рвоте и судорогах, при нервной возбудимости можно использовать и настойку валерианы: кошкам — 1,5—2,5 капли, собакам — 1,5-30 капель, птицам — 0,25-0,5 капли.

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