Интересно о животных

2022-01-08 03:12:19  👁 544

Сорока - воровка?

Правда ли, что сороки крадут вещи А помните детскую считалочку:"Сорока-воровка
Кашу варила,
Деток кормила.
Этому дала... "

А историческая мелодрама под названием "Сорока-воровка, или Служанка из Палезо" ( Луи Шарль Кенье, Жан Мари Теодор Бодуэн д’Обиньи ), в которой служанку приговаривают к смерти по обвинению в краже столового серебра у господина, в то время как серебро украл домашний питомец – птица сорока.

А повесть Александра Ивановича Герцена (1848 год) «Сорока-воровка»? Истории о том, как пропало фамильное столовое серебро или обручальное кольцо, и что виновник кражи - сорока, рассказывали во все времена. Считается, что сороки известные воровки: они падки на блестящие предметы, которые тащат в свои гнезда. А так ли это на самом деле?

А в реальности, сороки вовсе не воровки, они просто любопытны. Сороки проявляют интерес к различным предметам и предпочтения именно блестящим вещам они не отдают. Исследователи из британского Эксетерского университета провели ряд экспериментов, чтобы проверить, действительно ли сороки падки на блестящие предметы. Они предложили диким сорокам две кучки орехов. Одна из них находилась рядом с кучкой блестящих безделушек, а другая располагалась вблизи кучки таких же металлических предметов, но окрашенных в матовый голубой цвет. Присутствие посторонних предметов действительно отвлекало сорок от кормления птенцов в обоих случаях, но они не проявили более высокого интереса к блестящим предметам по сравнению с окрашенными. В ходе исследования исследователи заглядывали в сорочьи гнезда и анализировали их содержимое. Лишь в двух из 64-х тестов сорока "клюнула" на блестящее кольцо, но через короткое время потеряла к нему всякий интерес.

"Нельзя утверждать, что сороки никогда не воруют блестящие предметы, - говорит автор исследования Стивен Ли. - Но у нас нет достоверных доказательств того, что блестящие предметы привлекают сорок больше, чем любых других птиц".

Эколог Тим Беркхед из Университета Шеффилда в Британии в течение 10 лет изучал поведение сорок в долине реки Ривелин неподалеку от Шеффилда. Беркхед абсолютно уверен в том, что сороки не промышляют воровством: "Нет абсолютно никаких свидетельств тому, что люди когда-либо находили блестящие предметы в сорочьих гнездах". Однако, по словам Беркхеда, сороки действительно очень любопытны и частенько подбирают различные предметы.

Как же получилось, что сказка про сороку-воровку оказалась настолько живучей, хотя никаких подтверждений этому не найдено?

Возможное объяснение в том, что в прошлом, когда сорок содержали в домах как домашних питомцев, птицам, вероятно, предоставлялась возможность подобрать какую-нибудь ценную вещицу хозяина. Этим, возможно, и объясняется миф о клептомании сорок.

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