2022-01-08 03:12:19 | Автор: Скоморовский КА, DVM, Bsc 👁 510

Панлейкопения (кошачья чумка)

Минимальные сведения, необходимые каждому владельцу кошки.

• Несмотря на название -панлейкопения или кошачья чумка, эта болезнь не имеет никакого отношения к чумке собак (чуме плотоядных) или к чуме каких-либо других животных. Этот заболевание ближе всего к парвовирусному энтериту собак. Тем не менее, вирус панлейкопении заразен только для кошек, и совершенно незаразен для людей или собак.

• Болезнь широко распространена. Она передаётся оро-фекальным путём, то есть попадая из стула заражённого животного в пищеварительный тракт незараженного.

• Вирус очень устойчив во внешней среде и может быть перенесён в дом на обуви, одежде, руках и тому подобном.

• Вирус поражает в основном клетки иммунной системы и желудочно-кишечного тракта, что ведёт к ослаблению иммунитета, что выражается в снижении количества лейкоцитов в крови, и расстройствам пищеварительной системы, что выражается в рвоте, поносе, отсутствии аппетита.

• Для установления диагноза панлейкопении необходимо провести общеклинический анализ крови и/или специальный тест на наличие вируса.

• Если удаётся предотвратить нарушение водного, электролитического и энергетического балансов, а также развитие вторичных инфекций, животные, как правило, выздоравливают. Для этого обычно требуется интенсивная терапия, включающая внутривенные введения специальных растворов, антибиотикотерапию широкого спектра и другие мероприятия.

• Если присутствуют рвота и понос, рекомендуется применять также препараты, понижающие кислотность желудочного сока, чтобы защитить слизистую оболочку желудочно-кишечного тракта, которая и без того повреждена вирусом, а в случаях особо тяжёлой рвоты ещё и противорвотные препараты.

• При отсутствии лечения, либо при недостаточно интенсивном лечении, животные в большинстве случаев погибают.

• Если наступает выздоровление, то оно обычно быстрое (при отсутствии вторичных инфекций) и полное, то есть не оставляет осложнений.

• После выздоровления иммунитет против этой болезни сохраняется на всю жизнь. Однако это не касается иммунитета против других заболеваний.

• Животное является заразным (выделяет вирус со стулом и способно заразить других животных) как во время болезни, так и в течение одной - двух недель после выздоровления.

• Людям, контактирующим с больными животными, не рекомендуется контактировать со здоровыми не вакцинированными кошками.

• Вирус панлейкопении сохраняется во внешней среде в течение многих месяцев и не разрушается большинством моющих/дезинфицирующих средств. Поэтому прежде, чем и вводить новую кошку или кота в дом, где присутствовало животное больное панлейкопенией, новое животное необходимо вакцинировать.

• Вакцинация здоровых животных качественной вакциной в возрасте 14 недель или старше надёжно предотвращает заражение панлейкопенией.

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Панлейкопения (кошачья чумка)

Минимальные сведения, необходимые каждому владельцу кошки.

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